0 HEAD 1 SOUR RootsMagic 2 NAME RootsMagic 2 VERS 1.02 2 CORP FormalSoft, Inc. 3 ADDR PO Box 495 4 CONT Springville, UT 84663 4 CONT USA 3 PHON 1-866-GO-ROOTS 3 WWW WWW.FORMALSOFT.COM 1 DEST RootsMagic 1 DATE Aug 30, 2003 1 FILE index.ged 1 GEDC 2 VERS 5.5 2 FORM LINEAGE-LINKED 1 CHAR ANSI 0 @I70@ INDI 1 NAME Giles /Cory/ 2 GIVN Giles 2 SURN Cory 1 SEX M 1 _UID 99CB6667D208CD43A3634E12AD73E749D1F0 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 NOTE This examination was most unfortunate, as it immediately gave the matte 2 CONC r importance throughout the colony, whereas it had been a local affair u 2 CONC p to that time. 2 CONT 2 CONT As if there was not excitement enough, the Reverend Deodate Lawson was i 2 CONC nvited back to preach a powerful lecture-day sermon on the text, "And t 2 CONC he Lord said unto Satan, the Lord rebuke thee, O Satan! even the Lord t 2 CONC hat has chosen Jerusalem rebuke thee; is not this a brand plucked out o 2 CONC f the fire?" As may be supposed, he handled the Devil in a way to let n 2 CONC o one doubt his reality, or the utter damnation that would follow any a 2 CONC ssociation with him. This did not tend to allay the excitement. 2 CONT 2 CONT The accusers were not satiated yet. Warrants and commitments now follo 2 CONC wed in rapid secession. The next victim was Giles Cory, eighty years o 2 CONC f age (Really 71 years old.). He was infatuated by the storm of witchc 2 CONC raft, and attended the hearings. At last the girls did not think that h 2 CONC e was as strong as he ought to be in some of his evidence in a case, an 2 CONC d cried out upon him, declaring that he afflicted them with fits and pi 2 CONC nches. 2 CONT 2 CONT On April 18th, Giles Cory and Mary Warren of the Village, Abigail Hobbs o 2 CONC f Topsfield, and Bridget Bishop of Salem were arrested. On April 19th, t 2 CONC hey were examined. Only Abigail Hobbs confessed. 2 CONT 2 CONT The court ordered Cory's hands to be tied, and they asked him if it wer 2 CONC e not enough to "act witchcraft at other times, but must you do it now i 2 CONC n face of authority?" He replied, "I am a poor creature and cannot hel 2 CONC p it." Again, a magistrate exclaimed, "Why do you tell such wicked lie 2 CONC s against witnesses?" One of his hands was loosed and the girls were a 2 CONC fflicted. He held his head on on side, and the heads of the afflicted w 2 CONC ere held on one side. He drew in his cheeks, and the cheeks of the aff 2 CONC licted were sucked in. 2 CONT 2 CONT This was a preliminary examination. He was never formally tried, as he w 2 CONC ould not plead. He was committed to jail. 2 CONT 2 CONT Two days later, April 22th, nine more, Nehemiah Abbott, William and D 2 CONC eliverence Hobbs, Edward and Sarah Bishop, Mary Easty, Mary Black, Sara 2 CONC h Wildes, and Mary English were examined before Hathorne and Corwin. On 2 CONC ly Nehemiah was cleared of charges. 2 CONT 2 CONT May 2, Sarah Morey, Lydia Dustin, Susannah Martin, and Dorcas Hoar were e 2 CONC xamined by Hathorne and Corwin. 2 CONT 2 CONT Several other arrests followed. 2 CONT 2 CONT Reverend George Burroughs had earlier been pastor of the Salem Village c 2 CONC hurch but had left for a parish in Wells, Maine after arguments with An 2 CONC n Putnam, the mother of the 12-year-old of the same name. In 1692, daug 2 CONC hter Ann Putnam testified that Rev. Burroughs had appeared before her i 2 CONC n an apparition one night asking her to sign the Devil's books. Two wom 2 CONC en also appeared in this apparition, Ann Putnam reported that they were t 2 CONC he Rev. Burroughs' first and second wives. These wives "told" Ann Putna 2 CONC m that Rev. Burroughs had murdered both of them. Based upon this appari 2 CONC tion, on May 4, Rev. George Burroughs was arrested in Wells, Maine and b 2 CONC rought back to Salem. Burroughs was examined by Hathorne, Corwin, Sewal 2 CONC l, and William Stoughton on May 9. One of the afflicted girls, Sarah Ch 2 CONC urchill, was also exammined. 2 CONT 2 CONT May 10th, Geoge Jacobs, Sr. and his granddaughter Margaret were examine 2 CONC d before 2 CONT Hathorne and Corwin. Margaret confessed and testified tha her grandfat 2 CONC her and 2 CONT George Burroughs were both witches. 2 CONT 2 CONT On May 14th, several more warrents, including one for Elizabeth Cory of C 2 CONC harlestown, were issued. This continued through the first week of June 2 CONC . 2 CONT 2 CONT Also on May 14th, Increase Mather returned from England, bringing with h 2 CONC im a new charter and the new governor, Sir William Phips. 2 CONT 2 CONT Now the trouble took a new turn. A woman in Andover was sick of some f 2 CONC ever not understood, so her husband posted down to Salem Village to get a c 2 CONC ouple of the "afflicted children" to come up and say who was bewitching h 2 CONC er. They came and trouble spread like wildfire. Dudley Bradstreet, so 2 CONC n of the old Governor, was the magistrate, and at first went along with t 2 CONC he excitement, but, when some fifty persons had been arrested, he decli 2 CONC ned to go further. He was, of course, suspected, so he and his wife an 2 CONC d brother fled and escaped. A dog supposed to have been bewitched by t 2 CONC he brother was executed! 2 CONT 2 CONT May 18th, Mary Easty was released from prison. Yet, due to the outcrie 2 CONC s and protests of her accusers, she was arrested a second time. 2 CONT 2 CONT May 27th, a new court of primarly Boston men was appointed by the new G 2 CONC overnor, Sir William Phips. The special Court of Oyer and Terminer com 2 CONC prised of seven judges to try the witchcraft cases. Appointed were Lie 2 CONC utenant Governor William Stoughon, Nathaniel Saltonstall, Bartholomew G 2 CONC edney, Peter Sergeant, Samuel Sewall, Wait Still Winthrop, John Richard 2 CONC s, John Hathorne, and Jonathan Corwin. 2 CONT 2 CONT These magistrates based their judments and evaluations on various kinds o 2 CONC f intangible evidence, including direct confessions, supernatural attri 2 CONC butes (such as "witchmarks", and reactions of the afflicted girls. Spe 2 CONC ctral evidence, based on the aaumption that the Devil could assume the " 2 CONC specter" of an innocent person, was relied upon despite its controversi 2 CONC al nature. 2 CONT 2 CONT Martha Carrier, John Alden, Wilmott Redd, Elizabeth Howe, and Phillip E 2 CONC nglish were exmined before Hathorne, Corwin, and Gedney on May 31. 2 CONT 2 CONT John Alden, son of the couple John Alden and Priscilla Mullins, was a r 2 CONC esident of Boston when accused by the young girls of Salem of witchcraf 2 CONC t. Alden was arrested and brought to Salem to face the girls. When Alde 2 CONC n approached them in court, the girls who had accused him all fell to t 2 CONC he floor in a faint. Alden then turned to Judge Hathorne and said, "Wha 2 CONC t's the reason you don't fall when I look at you?" Hathorne had no answ 2 CONC er, but he imprisoned Alden anyway. Three months later John Alden manag 2 CONC ed to escape from jail and he was never apprehended. On June 2nd, th 2 CONC e initial session of the Court of Oyer and Terminer was held. The cour 2 CONC t held its meetings in the town-house and began its sessions the first w 2 CONC eek in June. They tried and sentenced Bridget Bishop. 2 CONT 2 CONT Soon after Bridget Bishop's trail, Nathaniel Saltonstall resigned from t 2 CONC he court, dissatisfied with its proceedings. 2 CONT 2 CONT Bridget Bishop was the first to be hung for witchcraft. There is still d 2 CONC ebate today as to whether or not she should be included in the list of S 2 CONC alem witches of 1692. Bridget Bishop had been tried for witchcraft in 1 2 CONC 679 and acquitted. She was a twice-widowed tavern owner, owning "an ord 2 CONC inary" on the road between Salem and Beverly. She served a new and powe 2 CONC rful drink called "rum" to many of the sailors who frequented her place 2 CONC . The sailors also played an evil new game called "shuffleboard that up 2 CONC set many of the neighbors. Bridget wore bright clothes, a major offense i 2 CONC n the eyes of the Puritans of Salem. Bridget apparently was condemned m 2 CONC ore for her lifestyle and for the veiled accusations of prostitution th 2 CONC at cannot be proven or disproven today. Bridget Bishop was hanged June 1 2 CONC 0 in Salem, the first official execution of the Salem witch trails. 2 CONT 2 CONT Following her death, accusations of witchcraft escalated, but the trial 2 CONC s were not unopposed. Several townspeople signed petitions on behalf o 2 CONC f accused people they believed to be innocent. 2 CONT 2 CONT During this time, two dogs were also hung by the neck at Gallows Hill b 2 CONC ecause one of the girls said they had appeared to her as the Devil's di 2 CONC sciples and gave her the evil eye. On June 29-30, they tried and sen 2 CONC tenced five more, Rebecca Nurse, Susannah Martin, Sarah Wildes, Sarah G 2 CONC ood, and Elizabeth Howe. 2 CONT 2 CONT The following dialogue is based on the exmination of Sarah Good by Judg 2 CONC es Hathorne and Corwim, from "The Salem Witchcraft Papers", Book II, pa 2 CONC ge 355. 2 CONT 2 CONT What evil spirit have you familiarity with? 2 CONT 2 CONT None. 2 CONT 2 CONT Have you made no contract with the devil? 2 CONT 2 CONT No. 2 CONT 2 CONT Why do you hurt these children? 2 CONT 2 CONT I do not hurt them. I scorn it. 2 CONT 2 CONT Who do you imploy then to do it? 2 CONT 2 CONT I imploy no body. 2 CONT 2 CONT What creature do you imploy then? 2 CONT 2 CONT No creature. I am falsely accused. 2 CONT 2 CONT In mid-July an effort to expose witches afflicting his life, Joseph Bal 2 CONC lard of nearby Andover enlisted the aid of the accusing girls of Salem. T 2 CONC his action marked the beginning of the Andover witch hunt. 2 CONT 2 CONT July 19, Rebecca Nurse (age 70), Susannah Martin, Elizabeth Howe, Sarah G 2 CONC ood, and Sarah Wildes were executed. 2 CONT 2 CONT August 2-6, the court condemned six more, George Jacobs, Sr., Martha Ca 2 CONC rrier, George Burroughs, John and Elizabeth Proctor, and John Willard. 2 CONT 2 CONT All were executed on the nineteenth except Elizabeth Proctor by hanging o 2 CONC n Gallows Hill. 2 CONT 2 CONT The September sitting of the court began the sixth and ended on the sev 2 CONC enteenth. The trial of Mrs. Cory occurred September 10th, and she was c 2 CONC onvicted and sentenced on the same day. Mary Easty, Alice Parker, Ann P 2 CONC udeator, Dorcas Hoar, and Mary Bradbury were also tried and condemmed. 2 CONT 2 CONT Mary Bradbury of Salisbury was found guilty of witchcraft, but managed t 2 CONC o escape the jail before execution. She apparently had assistance in th 2 CONC is from her friends and relatives, she was never re-captured. By Sep 1 2 CONC 7, Margaret Scott, Wilmott Redd, Samuel Wardwell, Mary Parker, Abigail F 2 CONC aulkner, Rebecca Eames, Mary Lacy and her mother Ann Foster, and Abigai 2 CONC l Hobbs were tried and condemmed. 2 CONT 2 CONT Mary Lacy of Andover was accused of witchcraft and admitted to it. She s 2 CONC aid "me and Martha Carrier did both ride on a stick or pole when we wen 2 CONC t to witch meetings at Salem Village." Ironically, those who confessed t 2 CONC o being witches were not executed, but many of those who denied witchcr 2 CONC aft were hung. Mary Lacy was allowed to go free after her "confession" b 2 CONC ut she had damned Martha Carrier in the process. Martha was hung a few w 2 CONC eeks later. Mary Lacy's mother, Ann Foster, died in a Salem Dungeon d 2 CONC ue to ill treatment from Sheriff George Corwin. 2 CONT 2 CONT At the September sitting of the court, Giles was arraigned. The followi 2 CONC ng deposition is by one of the girls who accused Giles of witchcraft. T 2 CONC he document is from the records of the Court of Oyer and Terminer, Sept 2 CONC ember 9, 1692, property of the Supreme Judicial Court, Division of Arch 2 CONC ives and Records Preservation, on deposit at the Essex Institute, Salem 2 CONC , Essex Co, MA. 2 CONT 2 CONT Mercy Lewis v. Giles Cory 2 CONT 2 CONT The Deposition of Mercy lewes agged about 19 years woh testifieth and s 2 CONC aith that on the 14th April 1692 I saw the Apperishtion of Giles Cory c 2 CONC om and aflect me urging me to writ in his book and so he contineued mos 2 CONC t dreadfullly to hurt me by times beating me & almost braking my back t 2 CONC ell the day of his examination being the 19th April and then allso duri 2 CONC ng the time of his examination he did affect and tortor me most greviou 2 CONC sly: and also several times sence urging me vehemently to writ in his b 2 CONC ook and I veryly believe in my heart that Giles Cory is a dreadfull wiz 2 CONC zard for sence he had ben in prison he or his apperance has com and mos 2 CONC t greviously tormented me. 2 CONT 2 CONT Mercy Lewis affirmed to the jury of Inquest. that the above written evi 2 CONC dence: is the truth upon the oath: she has formerly taken in court of O 2 CONC yer & Terminer: Septr 9: 1692 2 CONT 2 CONT He was asked to plead, that is, to appeal to his country, to a jury tri 2 CONC al, which at that time all persons charged with crime must do before a j 2 CONC ury could try them. He "stood mute," and would not plead. The old Engl 2 CONC ish Law of "Peine forte et dure" furnished but one remedy for this situ 2 CONC ation. The prisoner should: 2 CONT 2 CONT be remanded to the prison from whence he came and put into a low dark c 2 CONC hamber, and there be laid on his back on the bare floor, naked, unless w 2 CONC hen decency forbids; that there be placed upon his body as great a weig 2 CONC ht as he could bear, and more, that he hath no sustenance, save only on t 2 CONC he first day, three morsels of the worst bread, and the second day thre 2 CONC e droughts of standing water, that should be alternately his daily diet t 2 CONC ill he died, or, till he answered. 2 CONT 2 CONT Giles Cory suffered this rather than to appeal to his countrymen, as he w 2 CONC as fully convinced that he must die anyway, and he was obstinate enough t 2 CONC o cheat the gallows. So to avoid giving the prosecution any advantage 2 CONC , he would answer nothing, whereupon he was sentenced to be pressed to d 2 CONC eath. Hence, refusing to put himself on trial (no trial actually took p 2 CONC lace). Giles reportedly was a stubborn, fiery man who realized that h 2 CONC e would not get a fair trial. By not pleading one way or the other, Eng 2 CONC lish law dictated that a person could not be tried, but the penalty for s 2 CONC tanding mute was "slow crushing under weights" until a plea was forthco 2 CONC ming or the person died. His death was the result of his obstinacy and f 2 CONC irmness with scarcely a parallel---certainly not in American annals. 2 CONT 2 CONT On September 17, the Sheriff led Giles to a pit in the open field besid 2 CONC e the jail and before the Court and witnesses in accordance with an Eng 2 CONC lish procedure of the "Peine forte et dure". They striped Giles of his c 2 CONC lothing, laid him on the ground in the pit, placed boards on his chest, s 2 CONC ix men lifted heavy stones, placing them one by one, on his stomach and c 2 CONC hest. Giles Corey did not cry out, which perplexed Sheriff Corwin whose d 2 CONC uty it was to squeeze a confession from the old man. 2 CONT 2 CONT After two days, Giles was asked three times to plead innocent or guilty t 2 CONC o witchcraft, to which he would say more weight. "Do you confess?" the S 2 CONC heriff cried over and over. More and more rocks were piled onto him, an 2 CONC d the Sheriff, from time to time, would stand on the boulders staring d 2 CONC own at Corey's bulging eyes. Robert Calef, who was a witness along with o 2 CONC ther townsfolk, later said, "In the pressing, Giles Corey's tongue was p 2 CONC ressed out of his mouth; the Sheriff, with his cane, forced it in again 2 CONC ." 2 CONT 2 CONT Three mouthfuls of bread and water were fed to the old man during his m 2 CONC any hours of pain. Finally, Giles Corey cried out at Sheriff Corwin, "D 2 CONC amn you. I curse you and Salem!" Giles Corey died a few seconds later. 2 CONT 2 CONT Sewell's diary states, under date of Monday, September 19, 1692: 2 CONT 2 CONT About noon at Salem, Giles Cory was pressed to death for standing mute; m 2 CONC uch pains was used with him two days, one after another, by the court a 2 CONC nd Captain Gardner of Nantucket who had been of his acquaintance, but a 2 CONC ll in vain. 2 CONT 2 CONT In the whole history of English law very few people had had the fortitu 2 CONC de to "stand mute" and endure a penalty expressly designed to discourag 2 CONC e such obstinacy. This is the only instance in the history of New Engla 2 CONC nd where this law was applied. The execution of Giles Cory by this pro 2 CONC cess had nothing to do with witchcraft. If he had refused to plead to a c 2 CONC harge of burglary, the penalty would have been the same. 2 CONT 2 CONT Except in the cases of treason, conviction could not be obtained on a p 2 CONC risoner who stood mute. With out conviction his property could not be c 2 CONC onfiscated by the crown or provincial government. Many of Corey's frie 2 CONC nds believed he remained silent in court because his conviction for the c 2 CONC ame would have meant the forfeiture of his estate. Otherwise, the Sheri 2 CONC ff would confiscate it. But the fact is that he had executed a deed bef 2 CONC ore this to his sons-in-law. Civil and criminal charges had followed h 2 CONC im most of his life. 2 CONT 2 CONT The day following Cory's death, Thomas Putnam sent to Judge Sewall the f 2 CONC ollowing communication: 2 CONT 2 CONT Last night my daughter Ann was grievously tormented by witches, threate 2 CONC ning that she should be pressed to death before Giles Corey, but throug 2 CONC h the goodness of a gracious God, she had, at last, a little respite. W 2 CONC hereupon there appeared unto her (she said) a man in a winding sheet wh 2 CONC o told her that Giles Corey had murdered by pressing him to death with h 2 CONC is feet; but that the devil then appeared unto him and convenanted wit 2 CONC h him and promised him that he should not be hanged. The apparition sa 2 CONC id, God hardened his heart that he should not hearken to the advice of t 2 CONC he court, and so die an easy death; because, as it said, it must be don 2 CONC e to him as he had done to me. The apparition also said that Giles Cor 2 CONC ey was carried to the court for this and that the jury had found the mu 2 CONC rder; and that her father knew the man and the thing was done before sh 2 CONC e was born. 2 CONT 2 CONT On Sep 21, Dorcas Hoar was the first of those pleading innocent to conf 2 CONC ess. Her 2 CONT execution was delayed. 2 CONT 2 CONT For the forth and last time, the procession left Salem jail for the pla 2 CONC ce of 2 CONT execution of those persons condemned for witchcraft, on Thursday, Septe 2 CONC mber 22d. There were eight victims this time. Samuel Wardwell of Andov 2 CONC er was the only man to thus suffer, the women were Mrs. Martha Cory, wi 2 CONC fe of Giles Cory, Alice Parker, wife of John Parker, and Ann Pudeator, w 2 CONC idow of Jacob Pudeator, all of Salem, Mary (Towne) Easty, sister of Reb 2 CONC ecca Nurse and wife of Isaac Easty of Topsfield, Margaret Scott, widow o 2 CONC f Benjamin Scott of Rowley, aged about seventy-five, Wilmot Reed ("Mamm 2 CONC y Red"), wife of Samuel Reed, of Marblehead, and widow Mary Parker of A 2 CONC ndover. Upon the ladder, Mrs. Cory, protesting her innocence, conclude 2 CONC d her life with an earnest prayer. After the sheriff had done his part i 2 CONC n the affair, Rev. Nicholas Noyes, of Salem, turned toward the suspende 2 CONC d bodies of the victims, and said: "What a sad thing it is to see eight f 2 CONC irebrands of hell hanging there." 2 CONT 2 CONT After 20 people had been executed in the Salem witch hunt, Thomas Bratt 2 CONC le wrote a letter on October 8th, criticizing the witchcraft trials. T 2 CONC his letter had great impact on Governor Philps, who ordered that relian 2 CONC ce on spectral and intangible evidence no longer be allowed in trials. 2 CONT 2 CONT On Oct 29, Governor Philps dissolved the Court of Oyer and Terminer. 2 CONT 2 CONT The General Court of the colony created the Superior Court on Nov 25 to t 2 CONC ry the remaining witchcraft cases which took place in May 1693. This ti 2 CONC me no one was convicted. 2 CONT 2 CONT In the spring of 1693, Sir William Phips, Governor of Massachusetts, li 2 CONC berated 168 people in Salem's Witch Dungeon who awaiting the hangman's n 2 CONC oose. Several of these people died shortly thereafter from their neglec 2 CONC t and abuse while in the dungeon. By 1710, the General Court had beg 2 CONC un to "reverse some of the convictions, judgments and attainders and de 2 CONC clare them null and void," and in the next year or two some compensatio 2 CONC n, if inadequate, had been paid to the families of some of the sufferer 2 CONC s. The First Church in Salem erased from their records and blotted out t 2 CONC he excommunication of Rebecca Nurse and Giles Cory. 2 CONT 2 CONT The Reverend Samuel Parris, after a long acrimonious struggle with the m 2 CONC en whose wives, mothers, and friends he had helped to drag to the gallo 2 CONC ws, was driven from the Village in 1697, and, after unimportant service i 2 CONC n the frontier towns, died in Sudbury in 1720. His wife died and was b 2 CONC uried in Danvers before he left that parish. 2 CONT 2 CONT One of the young girls, Ann Putnam confessed her fraud 14 years later a 2 CONC t the age of 26. She had her minister read the confession at Sunday ser 2 CONC vice "It was a great delusion of Satan that deceived me in that sad tim 2 CONC e whereby I justly fear I have been instrumental to bring upon myself a 2 CONC nd this land the guilt of innocent blood." The following is a list o 2 CONC f those hanged at Gallows Hill, Salem, Massachusetts for witchcraft: 2 CONT 2 CONT Name Village or Town Date 2 CONT Bridget Bishop Salem 10-Jun-1692 2 CONT Sarah Good Salem Village (Danvers) 19-Jul-1692 2 CONT Susanna Martin Amesbury 19-Jul-1692 2 CONT Elizabeth Howe Ipswich 19-Jul-1692 2 CONT Rebecca Nurse (or Nourse) Salem Village (Danvers) 19-Jul-1692 2 CONT Sarah Wildes Topsfield 19-Jul-1692 2 CONT George Jacobs Salem Village (Danvers) 19-Aug-1692 2 CONT Martha Carrier Andover 19-Aug-1692 2 CONT Reverend George Burroughs Wells, Maine 19-Aug-1692 2 CONT John Proctor Salem Village (Peabody) 19-Aug-1692 2 CONC 2 CONT 2 CONT 2 CONT John Willard Salem Village (Danvers) 19-Aug-169 2 CONC 2 2 CONT Martha Corey Salem Village (Peabody) 22-Sep-1692 2 CONC 2 CONT 2 CONT 2 CONT Mary Easty Topsfield 22-Sep-1692 2 CONT Alice Parker Salem 22-Sep-1692 2 CONT Mary Parker Andover 22-Sep-1692 2 CONT Ann Prudeater Salem 22-Sep-1692 2 CONT Wilmot Reed Marblehead 22-Sep-1692 2 CONT Margaret Scott Rowley 22-Sep-1692 2 CONT Samuel Wardwell Andover 22-Sep-1692 2 CONT 2 CONT While the term "Salem Witches" is common nowadays, it ignores the fact t 2 CONC hat most of the accused were not from Salem. The jail and site of execu 2 CONC tions were in Salem, but the accused were mostly from other towns and v 2 CONC illages in the area. Only 10 the 134 who were accused and were held in S 2 CONC alem's Jail were from Salem Towne. The complete count was: 2 CONT 2 CONT 1 Amesbury 2 CONT 38 Andover 2 CONT 2 Boxford 2 CONT 1 Boston 2 CONT 6 Billerica 2 CONT 6 Beverly 2 CONT 3 Charlestown 2 CONT 1 Chelmsford 2 CONT 3 Gloucester 2 CONT 3 Haverhill 2 CONT 1 Great Island 2 CONT 2 Marblehead 2 CONT 7 Lynn 2 CONT 1 Malden 2 CONT 4 Reading 2 CONT 1 Rowley 2 CONT 1 Romney Marsh (today called Revere) 2 CONT 1 Salisbury 2 CONT 10 Salem 2 CONT 30 Salem Village (today this is part of Danvers and of Peabody) 2 CONT 7 Topsfield & Ipswich 2 CONT 1 Wells, Maine 2 CONT 3 Woburn 2 CONT 2 CONT In addition to the 134 above, another 34 were accused and in various ja 2 CONC ils awaiting trial when Governor Phips released all the prisoners. 2 CONT 2 CONT The only person who seemed to profit from the witchcraft hysteria was S 2 CONC heriff George Corwin who confiscated property and pocketed fees collect 2 CONC ed from the accused and their relatives. 2 CONT 2 CONT It is remarkable that the original 552 documents recording court testim 2 CONC ony during the witchcraft trial have been preserved and are still store 2 CONC d by the Peabody Essex Museum. 2 CONT 2 CONT There is a popular theory today that mouldy rye was the real cause of t 2 CONC he Salem hysteria. An article in "Science Magazine," April 2, 1976, by L 2 CONC inda, Caporael, a University of California graduate student, reveals th 2 CONC at the physical afflictions of the accusing girls might have been cause 2 CONC d by "Convulsive Ergotism", a disorder resulting from the ingestion of c 2 CONC ontaminated rye grain. "Rye, which grows in low, wet ground, yields erg 2 CONC ot," wrote Miss Caporael. Rye was known to be a staple in the diets of t 2 CONC he Salem Puritans. Rye was a common ingredient of bread and was eaten a 2 CONC s a cereal. Judge Sewall's diary for the summer of 1692 states that the r 2 CONC ye harvest was during a time that was "rainy and warm, hot and stormy." E 2 CONC rgot (claviceps purpura) is spread by a fungus that causes symptoms of h 2 CONC allucination, violent fits, choking, pinching, itching, a crawling sens 2 CONC ation in the skin and muscular contractions. Linda Caporael adds that " 2 CONC females and children are more likely to get ergot poisoning than the ma 2 CONC les." 2 CONT 1 SOUR @S29@ 2 PAGE page 132 1 BIRT 2 DATE BEF 19 AUG 1621 2 PLAC North Hampton, North Hamptonshire, England 1 DEAT 2 DATE 19 SEP 1692 2 PLAC Salem, Essex Co, MA 2 NOTE Giles was the son of Giles and Elizabeth Cory. His birth recorded, par 3 CONC ish of St. Sepulchre. 3 CONT 3 CONT A short description of Giles Cory is given in "Genealogical and Family H 3 CONC istory of the State of New Hampshire". It is full of inaccuracies, but i 3 CONC s a good short overview. 3 CONT 3 CONT The first on record in this country was Giles Corey, who was residing i 3 CONC n Salem, Massachusetts, in 1649, with his wife Margaret. Their daught 3 CONC er Deliverance was born there August 5, 1658. The mother died previou 3 CONC s to 1664, and on April 11 of that year Giles Corey married (second" M 3 CONC ary Britz[sic]. She died August 28, 1684, at the age of sixty-three y 3 CONC ears, and he had a third wife, Martha, who was admitted to the church i 3 CONC n Salem Village (now Danvers", April 27, 1690. She was the victim of t 3 CONC he terrible witchcraft delusion in Salem, and was apprehended in March 3 CONC , 1692, and hung on the following Thursday (She was not hung until Thu 3 CONC rday, September 22, 1692). In a very short time her husband was also a 3 CONC rrested and was imprisoned, in April. He was kept in confinement and m 3 CONC oved about from one jail to another, going to Boston and back again to S 3 CONC alem, and was finally executed (The word executed is not correct, he w 3 CONC as tortured to death." on September 19, 1692, in the most horrible man 3 CONC ner ever used on the continent. He was pressed to death, being the onl 3 CONC y one who ever suffered that form of execution in Massachusetts. He w 3 CONC as a member of the first church of Salem, from which he was excommunic 3 CONC ated the day preceding his death. Such was the tenacity of the execra 3 CONC ble witchcraft delusion in Salem that this sentence was not expunged f 3 CONC rom the church record until twenty years after, and a period of eleven y 3 CONC ears elapsed before justice was done to the memory of his wife in the D 3 CONC anvers church. Though a petition for relief appears in the Essex recor 3 CONC ds on behalf of the children, no mention of their names is found excep 3 CONC t of Martha, who made the petition in behalf of the family, and Delive 3 CONC rance before mentioned. It is probable that there were several sons. J 3 CONC onathan and Thomas Corey are mentioned as having been at Chelmsford at a 3 CONC n early period 3 CONT 3 CONT The following is taken from the "Cory Family Newsletter", Volume 7, num 3 CONC ber 3, Sep 1992. It contains what I feel are several errors. 3 CONT 3 CONT Giles Cory was born ca 1619 in England. There is, I am told but not ha 3 CONC ve had the privilege of obtaining a copy of his baptismal record from E 3 CONC ngland. When he arrived in the Americas is not certain but there is e 3 CONC vidence he was in Salem in 1640. There are quite a few entries in the c 3 CONC ourt documents as to his behavior, it was not all good, but in those t 3 CONC imes any accusation was an offense against the state. Giles married f 3 CONC irst, Margaret, the mother of all his children. We believe they were m 3 CONC arried in England. Giles had no male heirs (I don't believe this to b 3 CONC e true. It seem to be predicated on his will, which is not enough just 3 CONC ification to make that statement). 3 CONT 3 CONT There were Martha, married William Cleaves in 1675. They had three chi 3 CONC ldren. Martha died in 1683. Margaret, also married William Cleaves ( 3 CONC No, this was William Clements." on 18-May-1683. They had five children 3 CONC . After William died, Margaret married Jonathan Biles. Deliverance bo 3 CONC rn 5-Aug-1658, married Henry Cross (No, this was Henry Crosby." 5-Jun- 3 CONC 1683. Elizabeth married John Moulton. Mary, born 1653 married John Par 3 CONC ker. She died before Feb-1697. They had seven children. 3 CONT 3 CONT Giles second wife was Mary Brite, they were married 11 April 1673 (No, t 3 CONC his is recorded twice in the Salem V.R. as 1664). She died 27-Aug-1684 3 CONC . She is buried in Salem Grave yard. Giles third wife was Martha Pen 3 CONC oyer, widow of Henry Rich. They were married in 1685 (This is more li 3 CONC kely 1690, when she was admitted to the church). Martha had a son Thoma 3 CONC s. He shows up as a petitioner for loss and damages resulting from hi 3 CONC s mother being hanged illegally during the witch trials. He was awarde 3 CONC d Ģ50 on 29-Jun-1723. "Corys of America" mentioned that this may have b 3 CONC een Thomas Rich, born Sep 1642(?) in England. 3 CONT 3 CONT One source, ROLLAND COREY, says that Giles Cory came to Salem, MA in 16 3 CONC 44. 3 CONT 3 CONT Giles Corey, Antram's boy, first appears in Salem Court records, as a w 3 CONC itness in the court, July 11, 1644, against Obadiah Govis, servant of T 3 CONC homas Trusler, who was ordered to be severely whipped for the 3 CONT 3 CONT Giles was listed as a watchman in 1647. 3 CONT 3 CONT In the Salem court, June 28, 1649, Giles Corey was fined for stealing w 3 CONC heat, powder, soap, flax, tobacco, bacon, pork, butter and knives from M 3 CONC r. Curwin and Thomas Anthrom. 3 CONT 3 CONT The use of the phrase "Antram's boy" is unclear to me. In 1644 Giles w 3 CONC ould have been 23 years old. The word "boy" does not fit this interpre 3 CONC tation well. In the above court record Thomas Anthrom is mentioned. T 3 CONC he phase would also fit if Giles were the servant or indentured to Thom 3 CONC as Anthrom. One or both of these spellings would then be incorrect. 3 CONT 3 CONT In "The History of Salem", Vol. II in a footnote at the bottom of page 1 3 CONC 93, it says: 3 CONT 3 CONT Giles Corey was born about 1619; married, first Margaret ______; second 3 CONC , Mary Brite April 11, 1673 (This is an error, her name was Mary Brigh 3 CONC t and she was married April 11, 1664); third, Martha ______; pressed t 3 CONC o death Sept. 19, 1692; wife Martha was hung as a witch Sept. 22, 16 3 CONC 92; Children: 3 CONT 1. Deliverance, born in Salem Aug. 5, 1658; married Henry Crosby June 5 3 CONC , 1683; 3 CONT 2. Margaret; married William Cleaves (Spelled Clements in the Vital S 3 CONC tatics of both 3 CONT Marblehead and Beverly) of Beverly; 3 CONT 3. Elizabeth; married John Moulton of Salem. 3 CONT 3 CONT Mr. Corey lived in what is now Peabody about ten rods westerly of the W 3 CONC est Peabody Junction railroad station, adjoining the southerly side o 3 CONC f the location of the Salem and Lowell railroad. Caleb Moore stated t 3 CONC hat when he was in Virginia with his father, the latter bought Mary, C 3 CONC ory's second wife, out of a London ship. 3 CONT 3 CONT Giles brought suit 26-Feb-1650 [26 (12) 1650] 3 CONT 3 CONT Feb. 18, 1661/2, Giles Corey, in consideration of some of his land havi 3 CONC ng been made use of for a highway, was granted a small strip of about t 3 CONC wo acres of land near that which was Roger Morey's meadow, and also a s 3 CONC pot or hole of meadow near Henry Phelps' house and near his own meadow. 3 CONC 3 CONT 3 CONT 3 CONT 3 CONT On April 11, 1664 he married Mary Bright. Margaret must have died betw 3 CONC een 1658 and 1664, "Corys of America" lists the date about 1663. Mary " 3 CONC was bought out a London ship in Virginia by the father of Caleb More; w 3 CONC ho testified to this and to her good character 3 CONT when she was accused in 1678". 3 CONT 3 CONT Salem December Ye 10th 1678. -Caleb More aged thirty yeares: or thare a 3 CONC bout testifieth that he being with his father in Virginia: When his fat 3 CONC her bought Mary which in now Ye wife of Gyels Cory; out of a London shi 3 CONC p: and douth testify that Ye hole ships company gau har the caretar of o 3 CONC nest Seuel woman: and douth further testify thatt wither in the the tim 3 CONC e of couming home in Ye ketch or while she liued with my father or senc s 3 CONC he has ben Cory's Wife. that hee did neuer hare har Sware: or See har o 3 CONC uer taken in drinck: or Spake Ryproch fuly of har naibors: or of any bo 3 CONC dy else: nitha did I euer hare any body else Saye any such things of ha 3 CONC r. 3 CONT 3 CONT Giles Cory signed a petition Oct 10, 1667, dealing with "Constable Watc 3 CONC hes" by farmers. 3 CONT 3 CONT About 1670, his son John or Jonathan was born. 3 CONT 3 CONT He deposed June 17, 1672, [17 (4" 1672] age about 55 years. 3 CONT 3 CONT November of 1675, Giles Cory is the subject of a testimony by Mrs. Mary C 3 CONC ory. 3 CONT 3 CONT About the last of November, 1675, as Mrs. Mary Corey testified, Elizabe 3 CONC th, wife of Zachariah Goodale, told her that the latter's brother Jacob G 3 CONC oodale had been to Zachariah's house and got into the cellar and took s 3 CONC ome apples. Zachariah was then coming in with a log of wood, and layin 3 CONC g it down, he took a stick and "pade (pade - this is the Old English wo 3 CONC rd, paid, meaning to chastise or beat.) hem to som porpos." About ten d 3 CONC ays later, in the beginning of December, Giles Corey unreasonably beat J 3 CONC acob with a stick of about an inch in diameter nearly a hundred blows i 3 CONC n the presence of Elisha Kebee, who told Corey that he would knock him d 3 CONC own if he did not forbear. About ten days later, Corey went to the hou 3 CONC se of Zachariah Goodale, and told him that his brother Jacob Goodale ha 3 CONC d had a fall. He was afraid that he had broken his arm, and desired hi 3 CONC m to take Jacob to Mrs. Mole's in the town. Jacob was then thirty-four y 3 CONC ears of age, and up to that time he had been lusty. Now, Jacob went "v 3 CONC ery ravel (ravel - as though confused)" and stooping, and he was very p 3 CONC ale and his eyes sunken. Thereupon, Zachariah went to Corey's house, an 3 CONC d saw Jacob, who was there. The roads were slippery, and Corey said tha 3 CONC t his horse was not caulked, so he could not go with him. Jacob went s 3 CONC o badly, Zachariah asked him if he had any other hurt than his arm, but h 3 CONC e would not tell. Zachariah then requested that some one might go with h 3 CONC im; whereupon Goody Corey went with him. 3 CONT 3 CONT (Goody - [from goodwife] a woman, especially an old woman or housewife, o 3 CONC f lowly social status: formerly used as in New England, as a title with t 3 CONC he surname) 3 CONT 3 CONT Jacob died a few days later, and inquest was held. The jury consisted o 3 CONC f Nathaniel Felton, Francis Nurse, Anthony Buxton, Michael Shafilin, Je 3 CONC remiah Meacham, John Traske, Thomas Small, Samuel Very, Thomas Preston, J 3 CONC ohn Cooke, Joshua Rea and Eleazer Giles, and they made the following re 3 CONC port: "we find several wrongs he hath had in his body as upon his left a 3 CONC rm and upon his right thigh a great bruise which is very much swold and u 3 CONC pon the reins of his back in color differing from the other parts of hi 3 CONC s body we caused an incision to be made much bruised and run with a jel 3 CONC ly and the skin broke upon the outside of each buttock." For his abuse C 3 CONC orey was fined. 3 CONT 3 CONT In July of 1678, Giles Cory is once again of the subject of a court act 3 CONC ion. In "The History of Salem", Vol. III, pages 118 and 119, it says: 3 CONT 3 CONT A small house belonging to John Procter, which stood on the northerly s 3 CONC ide of Lowell Street, about one hundred and fifty rods easterly from th 3 CONC e Georgetown branch of the Boston and Maine Railroad, was partially bur 3 CONC ned in July, 1678. The roof and that part of the walls above two feet u 3 CONC pward from the upper floor was burned away. This occurred about two ho 3 CONC urs before day, and but for the timely appearance and strenuous efforts o 3 CONC f John Phelps and Thomas Fuller, who passing, it would have been wholly d 3 CONC estroyed. Procter suspected that Giles Corey set the fire. A warrant w 3 CONC as issued on the twenty-fourth for his appearance in court, as he had d 3 CONC one so many ill things to his neighbors, --threatened and suggested fir 3 CONC es, etc. He proved that he was at home and abed all the night of the f 3 CONC ire, and was discharged. 3 CONT 3 CONT On August 27, 1684, his second wife Mary, died at the age of 63 (as is m 3 CONC arked on her grave stone". He married for a third time, April 27, 1690 3 CONC , to Martha. Martha was the admitted to the church at Salem Village, n 3 CONC ow Danvers, where Giles lived. 3 CONT 3 CONT In "Mayflower Families", Volume III, page 134, it mentions that Martha P 3 CONC enoyer married Henry Rich at Stanford in December 1680 and later marri 3 CONC ed Giles Cory of Salem. 3 CONT 3 CONT Between 1664 and 1692 Giles Cory witnessed the deed when a neighbor, Ca 3 CONC pt. Thomas Flint, bought the house owned by William Dounton for Ģ100. W 3 CONC illiam Dounton was Thomas Flint's father-in-law. 3 CONT 3 CONT Both Giles and Martha were victims of the Salem witchcraft trials. Mart 3 CONC ha was convicted and hanged for witchcraft on September 22, 1692. Giles C 3 CONC ory was pressed to death for refusing to plead on September 19, 1692. 3 CONT 3 CONT His will is presented in several works: 3 CONT 3 CONT Written on the twenty forth day of April anno dom one thousand six hund 3 CONC red ninety two, by Gyles Coree (his mark and seale". Personally appear 3 CONC ed and did acknowledge this instrument to bee his act and voluntary dee 3 CONC d. Signed sealed and delivered Ipswch July Ye 25th 1692. 3 CONT 3 CONT The will so states: 3 CONT 3 CONT In consideration of which and for ye fatherly Love and Affection wch I h 3 CONC ave & doe beare unto my beloved soņe in Law William Cleeves of Ye town o 3 CONC f Beaverly. in ye aboves county and to my soņe in Law John Moulton of y 3 CONC e town of Salem in sd county both yeomen. 3 CONT 3 CONT The will goes on to state that Giles gives to these sons in Laws all hi 3 CONC s property, real and personal including stock, lands and meadow, house, b 3 CONC edding, money, and all movable estate. 3 CONT 3 CONT After Giles death, Capt. Thomas Flint bought his property to add to his e 3 CONC state. This house was located "in the triangle west of the West Peabod 3 CONC y Station and north of Pine St." The 1692 Salem map Shows the Giles Cor 3 CONC y property was located across the road from the Thomas Flint property. 3 CONT 3 CONT Salem Witch Craft Tr 3 CONC ials 3 CONT 3 CONT The following is taken in part from: 3 CONT The "Cory Family Newsletter", Volume 7, number 3, Sep 1992, 3 CONT "The History of Salem", Volume III, pages 286-293, 3 CONT "The Witchcraft Episode", pages 36-57, 3 CONT "Salem In The Seventeenth Century", Chapter XXV, 3 CONT "The Witches at Salem, 1692", by Dick Eastman on the Compuserve Genea 3 CONC logy Forum 3 CONT "Witches and Wizards", by Robert Ellis Cahill former Essex County (Ma 3 CONC ss.) Sheriff and 3 CONT Keeper of the Salem Jail. 3 CONT 3 CONT The opprobrious epithet of witch-city which has tenaciously clung to Sa 3 CONC lem since 1692 is due to the fact that the witch trials and executions t 3 CONC ook place in that town. The source of the excitement which resulted in t 3 CONC he death for alleged witchcraft of twenty persons within a year, lay in t 3 CONC he a neighboring settlement, now the town of Danvers. At the time it wa 3 CONC s a parish of Salem Town, known as Salem Village. 3 CONT 3 CONT Difficulties and acrimonious disputes over church affairs had long prev 3 CONC ailed in this community, which reached a climax when the Rev. Samuel Pa 3 CONC rris was finally chosen, in 1689, to take charge of the parish affairs. P 3 CONC arris appears to have entered the ministry somewhat late in life and ha 3 CONC d spent considerable time in the West Indies in business pursuits. He b 3 CONC rought with him to Salem Village two native servants, or slaves of West I 3 CONC ndian and African blood, known as Indian John and Tituba his wife---the i 3 CONC mmediate instigators of the events which were soon to follow. 3 CONT 3 CONT Parris' difficulties began at once. He was at odds with his parishione 3 CONC rs over salary, his parsonage, church rates, and in fact, over all matt 3 CONC ers pertaining to the conduct of his office. This led to a degree of b 3 CONC itterness in the community unusual even in those times of agitated publ 3 CONC ic feeling. Apart from church affairs, there were also many disputes a 3 CONC s to land rights, and personal animosities were widespread and rancorou 3 CONC s. The setting was complete for an emotional outbreak. 3 CONT 3 CONT In the long and bitter winter of 1691-92, some young women and girls at S 3 CONC alem Village had some meetings to learn palmistry and fortune-telling f 3 CONC rom Tituba. She was skilled in necromancy and various magic arts---per 3 CONC haps African in origin, perhaps practiced by Indians---and found apt pu 3 CONC pils in the children, who soon acquired proficiency in their use. Titub 3 CONC a claimed to know how to discover witches and the children may have rea 3 CONC d about evidences of witchcraft, but at any rate those impressionable y 3 CONC oung people soon began to act queerly and have spasms and fits. 3 CONT 3 CONT These sessions apparently fired the imaginations of the girls, several o 3 CONC f whom later started performing nightmarish fits and telling tales of w 3 CONC itchcraft and of being possessed of evil spirits amongst them in Salem. O 3 CONC n 20-Jan-1692, nine-year-old Elizabeth Parris and eleven-year-old Abiga 3 CONC il Willams began to exhibit strange behavior, such as blaphemous scream 3 CONC ing, convulsive seizures, trance-line states and mysterious spells. Wi 3 CONC thin a short time, several other Salem Girls began to demonstrate simil 3 CONC ar behavior. 3 CONT 3 CONT Doubtless at the outset, all this was innocent enough, until it attract 3 CONC ed the attention of the elders who were at first mystified and then ala 3 CONC rmed. Instead of keeping the children quietly at home and breaking up t 3 CONC he meetings, their parents called in the local physician, Dr. Griggs. T 3 CONC he doctor, who knew nothing about nerves and believed in witchcraft, fi 3 CONC nally decided, as was usual when the diagnosis was in doubt, that the a 3 CONC ctions of the girls in their fits and contortions could only be explain 3 CONC ed on the basis of witchcraft. 3 CONT 3 CONT This group, know as the afflicted children, included: 3 CONT 3 CONT 1. Elizabeth Parris, nine years old, daughter of the Reverend Samuel P 3 CONC arris. 3 CONT 3 CONT 2. Abigail Williams, eleven years old, a niece of Mr. Parris and memb 3 CONC er of the 3 CONT household. 3 CONT 3 CONT 3. Ann Putnam, twelve years old, daughter of Sergeant Thomas Putnam, c 3 CONC lerk of the 3 CONT parish. 3 CONT 3 CONT 4. Mercy Lewis, seventeen years old, who had been in the family of th 3 CONC e Reverend 3 CONT George Burroughts while he was at the Village, but now was a servant i 3 CONC n Sergeant 3 CONT Putnam's family. 3 CONT 3 CONT 5. Mary Wolcott, seventeen years old, daughter of Captain Jonathan Wo 3 CONC lcott, deacon 3 CONT of the parish. 3 CONT 3 CONT 6. Elizabeth Hubbard, seventeen years old, a niece of Mrs. Griggs, wi 3 CONC fe of the 3 CONT Village Doctor. 3 CONT 3 CONT 7. Elizabeth Booth, eighteen years old. 3 CONT 3 CONT 8. Susannah Sheldon, eighteen years old. 3 CONT 3 CONT 9. Mary Warren, twenty years old, servant in the family of John Proct 3 CONC or. 3 CONT 3 CONT 10. Sarah Churchill, twenty years old, servant in the family of George J 3 CONC acobs, Sr. 3 CONT 3 CONT These ten, with the occasional help of three married women, Mrs. Ann Pu 3 CONC tnam, mother of one of the girls, a Mrs. Pope, and Goody Bibber from We 3 CONC nham, provided all the initial testimony on which nineteen persons were h 3 CONC anged, and well over a hundred more were cast into prison. 3 CONT 3 CONT During the early spring of 1692 these children continued to have fits a 3 CONC nd convulsions at their meetings and attracted considerable attention t 3 CONC o their antics and actions. They were all attributed by the people to w 3 CONC itchcraft, and presently the children under this favorable notice began t 3 CONC o extend their activities to the meeting-house on Sundays, crying out t 3 CONC hat they saw yellow birds sitting on the minister's hat, and other simi 3 CONC lar nonsense. It is not on record that Mr. Parris tried to suppress hi 3 CONC s niece and her friends and some of the parish grew annoyed and stayed a 3 CONC t home. 3 CONT 3 CONT In late February Mr. Parris sent for the neighboring ministers to come t 3 CONC o his house to conduct solemn services to try to rescue the children fr 3 CONC om the clutches of the Evil One. Prayer services and community fasting w 3 CONC ere conducted by Reverand Samuel Parris in hopes of relieving the evil f 3 CONC orces that plagued them. They corroborated the opinion of Dr. Griggs th 3 CONC at the children's actions were the work of witches. In an effort to exp 3 CONC ose the "witches", Indian John baked a witch cake made with rye meal an 3 CONC d the afflicted girl's urine. This counter-magic was meant to reveal t 3 CONC he identities of the "witches" to the afflicted girls. 3 CONT 3 CONT Pressure was put on the children to tell who afflicted them an they beg 3 CONC an to name various people: Goody Good, Goody Osburn, and the old Indian w 3 CONC oman Tituba, and warrants were obtained for their arrest. They were arr 3 CONC ested on February 28, 1692. 3 CONT 3 CONT On March 1, 1692, John Hathorne and Jonathan Corwin, the magistrates, p 3 CONC roceeded in state to the Village to hear the cases, escorted by the mar 3 CONC shal of Essex and the constables, and stopped at Nathaniel Ingersoll's t 3 CONC avern, but the gathering was so great that they had to adjourn to the m 3 CONC eeting-house. 3 CONT 3 CONT The three accused women were brought to Salem Town and examined by Magi 3 CONC strates Jonathan Corwin and John Hathorne. Corwin's home, the "Witch H 3 CONC ouse", still stands at the corner of North and Essex Streets in Salem, p 3 CONC roviding guiding tours and tales of the first witchcraft trails. 3 CONT 3 CONT Before an excited crowd, all of whom believed in the possible existence o 3 CONC f witchcraft and in a personal devil, Sarah Good, Sarah Osburn, and Tit 3 CONC uba were brought in. In spite of the "afflicted children" who charged t 3 CONC hem with hurting them, the first two steadfastly maintained that they h 3 CONC ad made no compact with the Devil, had not hurt the children, and were i 3 CONC nnocent; but the surprising thing is that Tituba admitted that she did s 3 CONC erve the Devil; that her fellow prisoners were witches; also that they r 3 CONC ode around on broomsticks accompanied by familiar spirits and did all s 3 CONC orts of injury. Tibuba confessed to seeing the devil who appeared to h 3 CONC er "sometimes like a hog and sometimes like a great dog". What's more, T 3 CONC ituba testified that there was a conpiracy of witches at work in Salem. F 3 CONC or five days the examination continued, and then the magistrates commit 3 CONC ted all three of the women to the jail in Boston. 3 CONT 3 CONT The girls, under the lead of the elder girl, started to tell lies about d 3 CONC ifferent town folks which included Witchcraft accusations. 3 CONT 3 CONT Over the next weeks, other townspeople came forward and testified that t 3 CONC hey, too, had been harmed by or had seen strange apparitions of some of t 3 CONC he community members. As the witch hunt continued, accusations were ma 3 CONC de against many different people. 3 CONT 3 CONT Frequently denonuced were women whose behavior or economic circumstance 3 CONC s were somehow disturbing to the social order and conventions of the ti 3 CONC me. Some of the accused had previous records of criminal activity, inc 3 CONC luding withchcraft, but others were faithful churchgoers and people of h 3 CONC igh standing in the community. 3 CONT 3 CONT Sarah Osborne and Sarah Dustin were both convicted of witchcraft and se 3 CONC ntenced to be hung. Both died in the Salem Dungeon from exposure, ill t 3 CONC reatment and lack of adequate food before the sentences could be carrie 3 CONC d out. It is also said that Sarah Osborne died two months later, May 1 3 CONC 0, in the Boston jail. 3 CONT 3 CONT Sarah Good was tried and convicted in June and hanged on the nineteenth o 3 CONC f July, while Tituba lay in jail over a year and was finally sold as a s 3 CONC lave for her board bill, as the Reverend Samuel Parris, her master, ref 3 CONC used to redeem her. 3 CONT 3 CONT John Willard early assisted in arresting the accused, but he had expres 3 CONC sed sympathy with those under condemnation, and said, "Hang them, they t 3 CONC hey are all witches." It was latter reported that Mercy Lewis and Mary W 3 CONC alcott, while investigating an illness in the Wilkins family, that they " 3 CONC saw the apparitions of Sarah Buckley and John Willard upon the throat a 3 CONC nd breast of Henry Wilkins," and saw them press and choke him until he d 3 CONC ied. 3 CONT 3 CONT A warrant for the arrest of Willard was issued May 10th on complaint of T 3 CONC homas Fuller and others; but he could not be located until the eighteen 3 CONC th, when he was produced in court, having been found in Groton. He was g 3 CONC iven a preliminary examination at Beadle's Tavern, in Salem, at which t 3 CONC he deposition of Mrs. Ann Putnam was probably put in evidence. The dep 3 CONC osition concerned Willard, but finished with these words: 3 CONT 3 CONT . . . Joseph Fuller's apparition also the same day came to me and told m 3 CONC e that Goody Corey had killed him. 3 CONT 3 CONT March 19th, a warrant was issued for the arrest of Martha Cory, wife of G 3 CONC iles Cory, and she was immediately taken into custody. She was examine 3 CONC d before Justices Hathorne and Corwin. A woman of superior judgment an 3 CONC d discretion, from the beginning she resolutely and persistently denoun 3 CONC ced the whole witchcraft proceedings. She endeavored to persuade her h 3 CONC usband not to attend the hearings, nor to countenance the prosecutions i 3 CONC n any manner. It is said that once she took the saddle off his horse t 3 CONC o prevent him from going to an examination. 3 CONT 3 CONT Martha Cory was generally disliked by her neighbors, something that may h 3 CONC ave been a contributing factor to her being accused. Years earlier she h 3 CONC ad given birth to an illegitimate child which apparently had not been w 3 CONC ell-received by the Puritans of Salem. When the girls first mentioned t 3 CONC he name of Mrs. Cory, Edward Putnam and Ezekiel Cheever went to see her a 3 CONC bout the matter, March 12th. They saw Ann Putnam on the way, and asked h 3 CONC er what clothes Mrs. Cory wore when her apparition appeared to her as A 3 CONC nn had said. Ann said that she was so blinded she could not see. Arriv 3 CONC ing at the Cory house, Mrs. Cory said to them, "I know what you have co 3 CONC me for. You are come to talk with me about being a witch, but I am non 3 CONC e. I cannot help people talking about me." She inquired whether the af 3 CONC flicted had attempted to describe her clothes. This last statement was d 3 CONC eemed to be supernatural, and was used in her trial later on. She told t 3 CONC hem that she did not think there were any witches. 3 CONT 3 CONT Martha Cory, Giles third wife and Rebecca Nurse were arrested March 19t 3 CONC h. Probably the arrest of Rebecca Nurse was instigated by the enmity o 3 CONC f the Putnams, who, mother and daughter, were among the chief accusers t 3 CONC hough the following months. Overwhelmed by the accusations against two s 3 CONC uch respected persons as Goodwives Cory and Nurse and inflamed by a ser 3 CONC mon preached by Rev. Deodat Lawson, which was interrupted by the antics o 3 CONC f several of the prosecuted children, popular feeling reached a degree o 3 CONC f panic, which precluded any possible control of the rising excitement. 3 CONC 3 CONT 3 CONT 3 CONT 3 CONT On March 28 Elizabeth Proctor was denounced as a witch and on April 3, S 3 CONC arah Cloyce, Rebecca Nurse's sister, was accused of witchcraft. 3 CONT 3 CONT On April 11, the colony as a whole took cognizance of the trouble, and t 3 CONC he Deputy Governor Thomas Danforth and six magistrates, James Russell, J 3 CONC ohn Hathorne, Isaac Addington, Major Samuel Appleton, Captain Samuel Se 3 CONC wall, and Jonathan Corwin appeared in Salem to hold court. 3 CONT 3 CONT Elizabeth Proctor and Sarah Cloyce were examined before Hathorne, Corwi 3 CONC n, Deputy Governor Thomas Danforth, and Captain Samuel Sewall. During t 3 CONC his examination, John Proctor was also accused and imprisoned. 3 CONT 3 CONT In the examination of Martha Cory, the following colloquies occurred:-- 3 CONC - 3 CONT 3 CONT Mr. Hathorne. 3 CONT You are now in the hands of authority. Tell me, now why you hurt thes 3 CONC e persons? 3 CONT 3 CONT Martha Cory. 3 CONT I do not. 3 CONT 3 CONT Hathorne. 3 CONT Who doth? 3 CONT 3 CONT Cory. 3 CONT Pray give me leave to go to prayer. (This request was made at sundry t 3 CONC imes.) 3 CONT 3 CONT Hathorne. 3 CONT We do not send for you to go to prayer, but tell me why hurt these. 3 CONT 3 CONT Cory. 3 CONT I am an innocent person. I never had to do with witchcraft since I wa 3 CONC s born. I 3 CONT am a gospel woman. 3 CONT 3 CONT Hathorne. 3 CONT How could you tell, then, that the child was bid to observe what cloth 3 CONC es you wore when some one came to speak with you? 3 CONT 3 CONT (Cheever interrupted her and bid her not begin with a lie, and so Edwar 3 CONC d Putnam declared the matter.) 3 CONT Who told you that? 3 CONT 3 CONT Cory. 3 CONT He said the child said. 3 CONT 3 CONT Cheever. 3 CONT You speak falsely. (Then Edward Putnam read again.) 3 CONT 3 CONT Hathorne. 3 CONT Why did you ask if the child asked what clothes you wore? 3 CONT 3 CONT Cory. 3 CONT My husband told me the others told. 3 CONT 3 CONT Hathorne. 3 CONT Goodman Cory, did you tell her? (The old man denied that he told her s 3 CONC o.) 3 CONT 3 CONT Hathorne. 3 CONT Did you say your husband told you so? 3 CONT 3 CONT Cory --- no answer. 3 CONT 3 CONT Hathorne. 3 CONT You dare thus lie in all this assembly. You are now before authority. I e 3 CONC xpect 3 CONT the truth. You promised it. Speak now and tell who told you what clo 3 CONC thes. 3 CONT 3 CONT Cory. 3 CONT Nobody. 3 CONT 3 CONT Once the children cried, "A man is whispering in her ear. 3 CONT 3 CONT Hathorne. 3 CONT What did he say to you? 3 CONT 3 CONT Cory. 3 CONT We must not believe all that these distracted children say. 3 CONT 3 CONT In his report of this trial, Mr. Parris said: When she bit her lip, sev 3 CONC eral of the afflicted were bitten; when her hands were at liberty, they w 3 CONC ere pinched; etc., etc. 3 CONT 3 CONT Mrs. Cory was badgered by Hathorne, badgered by Corwin, badgered by Rev 3 CONC . Mr. Noyes, badgered by the Marshall and others. 3 CONT 3 CONT Her own husband testified against her, and said that in the evening, si 3 CONC tting by the fire, she asked him to go to bed; he told her that he woul 3 CONC d go to prayer, and when he went to prayer he not utter his desires wit 3 CONC h any sense nor open his mouth to speak; she perceived it and came towa 3 CONC rd him. In a little while, he prayed. Sometime in the previousweek, h 3 CONC e brought an ox well out of the woods about noon and the ox lay down in t 3 CONC he yard. When he went to yoke him, he could not rise, but dragged his h 3 CONC inder parts as if he had been hip shot, but afterward rose. Cory had a c 3 CONC at the same week which was strangely and suddenly taken sick and he tho 3 CONC ught she would die. Mrs. Cory asked him to knock her in the head, but h 3 CONC e did not, and she recovered. Mrs. Cory was wont to sit up after he ha 3 CONC d gone to bed, and he had seen her kneel on the hearth, as if she was a 3 CONC t prayer, but heard nothing. 3 CONT 3 CONT During her examination, Mrs. Pope threw a shoe at her and it struck on h 3 CONC er head. 3 CONT 3 CONT After the same absurd scenes and alleged evidence, Sarah Cloyse and Joh 3 CONC n Proctor and his wife Elizabeth, with Rebecca Nurse, Martha Cory, and D 3 CONC orcas Good, the little five-year-old daughter of Sarah, who had been he 3 CONC ld in Salem, were sent to Boston Jail. 3 CONT 3 CONT Rebecca Nurse was first granted a reprieve by the jury in her witchcraf 3 CONC t case. Judge John Hathorne refused to accept the verdict and he convin 3 CONC ced the jury to change their verdict. Judge Hathorne is now known as Sa 3 CONC lem's "witch hanging judge" and also was the great-great-grandfather of N 3 CONC athaniel Hawthorne, author of the "House of Seven Gables." John Hathorn 3 CONC e is buried in the Charter Street "Old Burying Point." 3 CONT 1 BAPM 2 DATE 19 AUG 1621 2 PLAC St. Sepulcher's Church, Northampton, England 1 OCCU Farmer 2 PLAC Salem, Essex Co, MA 1 FAMC @F1546@ 0 @I4301@ INDI 1 NAME Giles /Cory/ 2 GIVN Giles 2 SURN Cory 1 SEX M 1 _UID 31AB7248A2F610498715A294F32965C9A3A9 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 NOTE 1616/17 - Egideus Cory and 1619 - Giles Cory, both maltsters (a maltste 2 CONC r is one who makes malt from barley for use in making alcoholic beverag 2 CONC es). 2 CONT 2 CONT This imformation was taken from the Cory Family Society Newsletter, Vol 1 2 CONC 2 #4, November 1997. The format of the chart and the assoicated dates i 2 CONC s confusing. As it is shown, there are two death dates, 1542 and 1584, f 2 CONC or his father Martyn. The marriage date for his parents is given as 15 2 CONC 83, which is the same as his death date. 2 CONT 2 CONT The other confusing fact is that he died in 1584, forty years before hi 2 CONC s children were born! I would guess that this is more likely a birth d 2 CONC ate. 1 SOUR @S98@ 1 BIRT 2 PLAC North Hampton, North Hamptonshire, England 1 DEAT 2 DATE 1584 1 FAMS @F1546@ 1 FAMC @F2750@ 0 @I4302@ INDI 1 NAME Elizabeth // 2 GIVN Elizabeth 1 SEX F 1 _UID 22AAE2DB5B521D4C9522563660AF6A0A653C 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 FAMS @F1546@ 0 @I7691@ INDI 1 NAME Amy /Cory/ 2 GIVN Amy 2 SURN Cory 1 SEX F 1 _UID AA97D7E2555B61408DE6099793AA091FC3FA 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 BIRT 2 DATE BEF 1623 1 DEAT Y 1 FAMC @F1546@ 0 @I7692@ INDI 1 NAME Amee /Cory/ 2 GIVN Amee 2 SURN Cory 1 SEX F 1 _UID 19A77EC177A07440A3459EF7D1203A0779E7 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 BIRT 2 DATE BEF 1624 1 DEAT Y 1 FAMC @F1546@ 0 @I7693@ INDI 1 NAME Nicholas /Cory/ 2 GIVN Nicholas 2 SURN Cory 1 SEX M 1 _UID CA3151CBAB431849BFAF23423752EA36E25B 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 BIRT 2 DATE BEF 1630 1 DEAT Y 1 FAMC @F1546@ 0 @I7694@ INDI 1 NAME Martyn /Cory/ 2 GIVN Martyn 2 SURN Cory 1 SEX M 1 _UID E1592A96C3FAE84C8B20E7A54BEDD55D8CA4 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 NOTE This imformation was taken from the Cory Family Society Newsletter, Vol 1 2 CONC 2 #4, November 1997. The format of the chart and the assoicated dates i 2 CONC s confusing. As it is shown, there are two death dates, 1542 and 1584, f 2 CONC or Martyn. The marriage date is given as 1583, which is after his deat 2 CONC h or just before it. The other confusing fact is that their son died i 2 CONC n 1584. 1 DEAT 2 DATE 1542 2 PLAC Harpole Parish, Northampton, England 1 FAMS @F2750@ 1 FAMC @F2751@ 0 @I7695@ INDI 1 NAME Katheren /Righton/ 2 GIVN Katheren 2 SURN Righton 1 SEX F 1 _UID B39A28DA424694489E2F1016368CEE045A45 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 DEAT 2 DATE 1584 2 PLAC Kislingbury Parish, Northampton, England 1 FAMS @F2750@ 0 @I7696@ INDI 1 NAME Thomas /Cory/ 2 GIVN Thomas 2 SURN Cory 1 SEX M 1 _UID 1408B583A0FC104A98DEB8FC2B99CCB3B7A3 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 DEAT 2 DATE 1566 1 FAMS @F2751@ 1 FAMC @F2752@ 0 @I7697@ INDI 1 NAME Eliz /Dunkley/ 2 GIVN Eliz 2 SURN Dunkley 1 SEX F 1 _UID A15B12611877AE41AF8612DB60A5B4CE961A 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 FAMS @F2751@ 0 @I7698@ INDI 1 NAME Nicholas /Cory/ 2 GIVN Nicholas 2 SURN Cory 1 SEX M 1 _UID F1A26061203F5842BDDFF961AAEF9B81F89A 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 FAMC @F2751@ 0 @I7699@ INDI 1 NAME James /Cory/ 2 GIVN James 2 SURN Cory 1 SEX M 1 _UID 5B9CE2129848F24EB19F2176C09AF3B5F4E2 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 FAMC @F2751@ 0 @I7700@ INDI 1 NAME Thomas /Cory/ 2 GIVN Thomas 2 SURN Cory 1 SEX M 1 _UID 80FEAC236C84964788E03D6F0A57C6F64BD0 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 FAMC @F2751@ 0 @I7701@ INDI 1 NAME Alice /Cory/ 2 GIVN Alice 2 SURN Cory 1 SEX F 1 _UID F888780B0408A94FB9417DFC71640FC523BC 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 FAMC @F2751@ 0 @I7702@ INDI 1 NAME Isador /Cory/ 2 GIVN Isador 2 SURN Cory 1 SEX F 1 _UID 9F814929DC0B1344B5CA157AB4A88042FC95 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 FAMC @F2751@ 0 @I7703@ INDI 1 NAME Agnes /Cory/ 2 GIVN Agnes 2 SURN Cory 1 SEX F 1 _UID 29F976C36DEFD84AB4902F9D6A1D26B248A5 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 FAMC @F2751@ 0 @I7704@ INDI 1 NAME Nicholas /Cory/ 2 GIVN Nicholas 2 SURN Cory 1 SEX M 1 _UID 5D93FE82BFF30743BA08C5B36DEDAD9F4C8A 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 DEAT 2 DATE 1551 1 FAMS @F2752@ 0 @I7705@ INDI 1 NAME Emma /Dunkley/ 2 GIVN Emma 2 SURN Dunkley 1 SEX F 1 _UID 1DE0F75A1597A4409D5AEA045499FF9443C0 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 FAMS @F2752@ 0 @I7706@ INDI 1 NAME John /Cory/ 2 GIVN John 2 SURN Cory 1 SEX M 1 _UID 7A6DE186DACD194ABC0AAA27380DF8CAF660 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 FAMC @F2752@ 0 @I7707@ INDI 1 NAME Nicholas /Cory/ 2 GIVN Nicholas 2 SURN Cory 1 SEX M 1 _UID B230BC8C6F3D0C4CAB1F779F4E531BA6706E 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 FAMC @F2752@ 0 @I7708@ INDI 1 NAME William /Cory/ 2 GIVN William 2 SURN Cory 1 SEX M 1 _UID D8415558E404BA4D806E16B19610F0AAAA4F 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 FAMC @F2752@ 0 @I7709@ INDI 1 NAME Henry /Cory/ 2 GIVN Henry 2 SURN Cory 1 SEX M 1 _UID 9BDE36F6A1D14244B92301C2BC372F318F54 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 FAMC @F2752@ 0 @I7710@ INDI 1 NAME Robert /Cory/ 2 GIVN Robert 2 SURN Cory 1 SEX M 1 _UID BE7596FFF3DBE54FB5C1D5BFE2B62E1AB430 1 CHAN 2 DATE 22 Jun 2003 1 FAMC @F2752@ 0 @F1546@ FAM 1 HUSB @I4301@ 1 WIFE @I4302@ 1 CHIL @I70@ 1 CHIL @I7691@ 1 CHIL @I7692@ 1 CHIL @I7693@ 0 @F2750@ FAM 1 HUSB @I7694@ 1 WIFE @I7695@ 1 CHIL @I4301@ 1 MARR 2 DATE 1583 2 PLAC Kislingbury Parish, Northampton, England 0 @F2751@ FAM 1 HUSB @I7696@ 1 WIFE @I7697@ 1 CHIL @I7694@ 1 CHIL @I7698@ 1 CHIL @I7699@ 1 CHIL @I7700@ 1 CHIL @I7701@ 1 CHIL @I7702@ 1 CHIL @I7703@ 0 @F2752@ FAM 1 HUSB @I7704@ 1 WIFE @I7705@ 1 CHIL @I7696@ 1 CHIL @I7706@ 1 CHIL @I7707@ 1 CHIL @I7708@ 1 CHIL @I7709@ 1 CHIL @I7710@ 0 @S29@ SOUR 1 ABBR Genealogical and Family History of NH 1 TITL Genealogical and Family History of the State of New Hampshire 1 _SUBQ Genealogical and Family History of the State of New Hampshire 1 _BIBL Genealogical and Family History of the State of New Hampshire. 0 @S98@ SOUR 1 ABBR Enrollments of Indentures of Apprenticements 1 TITL Enrollments of Indentures of Apprenticements and Admissions to Freedom. 2 CONC 2 CONT 2 CONT 2 CONT Northampton, England 1 _SUBQ Enrollments of Indentures of Apprenticements and Admissions to Freedom. 2 CONC 2 CONT 2 CONT 2 CONT Northampton, England 1 _BIBL Enrollments of Indentures of Apprenticements and Admissions to Freedom. 2 CONC 2 CONT 2 CONT 2 CONT Northampton, England. 0 _EVDEF BIRT 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Birth 1 ABBR Birth 1 SENT was born . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF DEAT 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Death 1 ABBR Death 1 SENT died . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF CHR 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Christen 1 ABBR Chr 1 SENT was christened . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF BURI 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Burial 1 ABBR Burial 1 SENT was buried . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF CREM 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Cremation 1 ABBR Cremation 1 SENT was cremated . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF ADOP 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Adoption 1 ABBR Adoption 1 SENT was adopted . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF BAPM 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Baptism 1 ABBR Baptism 1 SENT was baptized . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF BARM 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Bar Mitzvah 1 ABBR Bar Mitzvah 1 SENT celebrated his bar mitzvah . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF BASM 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Bas Mitzvah 1 ABBR Bas Mitzvah 1 SENT celebrated her bas mitzvah . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF BLES 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Blessing 1 ABBR Blessing 1 SENT was blessed . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF CHRA 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Christen (adult) 1 ABBR Chr (adult) 1 SENT was christened . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF CONF 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Confirmation 1 ABBR Confirmation 1 SENT was confirmed . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF FCOM 1 TYPE P 1 TITL First communion 1 ABBR First comm 1 SENT received first communion . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF ORDN 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Ordination 1 ABBR Ordination 1 SENT was ordained . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF NATU 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Naturalization 1 ABBR Naturalization 1 SENT was naturalized . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF EMIG 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Emigration 1 ABBR Emigration 1 SENT emigrated . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 2 0 _EVDEF IMMI 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Immigration 1 ABBR Immigration 1 SENT immigrated . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 1 0 _EVDEF CENS 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Census 1 ABBR Census 1 SENT appeared in the census . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF PROB 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Probate 1 ABBR Probate 1 SENT had estate probated . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF WILL 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Will 1 ABBR Will 1 SENT signed a will . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF GRAD 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Graduated 1 ABBR Graduation 1 SENT graduated . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF RETI 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Retirement 1 ABBR Retirement 1 SENT retired . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF DSCR 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Description 1 ABBR Description 1 SENT was described as . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF EDUC 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Education 1 ABBR Education 1 SENT was educated . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF NATI 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Nationality 1 ABBR Nationality 1 SENT was . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF OCCU 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Occupation 1 ABBR Occupation 1 SENT was . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF PROP 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Property 1 ABBR Property 1 SENT owned . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF RELI 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Religion 1 ABBR Religion 1 SENT was . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF RESI 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Residence 1 ABBR Residence 1 SENT lived . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF SSN 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Soc Sec No 1 ABBR SSN 1 SENT had Social Security Number . 1 PLAC N 1 DATE N 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF BAPL 1 TYPE P 1 TITL LDS Baptism 1 ABBR LDS Bapt 1 SENT was baptized into the LDS Church . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF ENDL 1 TYPE P 1 TITL LDS Endowment 1 ABBR LDS Endow 1 SENT was endowed . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF SLGC 1 TYPE P 1 TITL LDS Seal to parents 1 ABBR LDS SealPar 1 SENT was sealed to parents . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF AFN 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Ancestral File Number 1 ABBR AFN 1 SENT has Ancestral File Number . 1 PLAC N 1 DATE N 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF REFN 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Reference No 1 ABBR Ref # 1 SENT is reference number . 1 PLAC N 1 DATE N 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF CAST 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Caste 1 ABBR Caste 1 SENT was associated with . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF MARR 1 TYPE F 1 TITL Marriage 1 ABBR Marriage 1 SENT were married . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF ANUL 1 TYPE F 1 TITL Annulment 1 ABBR Annulment 1 SENT had their marriage annulled . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF DIV 1 TYPE F 1 TITL Divorce 1 ABBR Divorce 1 SENT were divorced . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF DIVF 1 TYPE F 1 TITL Divorce filed 1 ABBR Div. filed 1 SENT filed for divorce . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF ENGA 1 TYPE F 1 TITL Engagement 1 ABBR Engagement 1 SENT were engaged . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF MARB 1 TYPE F 1 TITL Marriage Bann 1 ABBR Marr Bann 1 SENT had marriage banns published . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF MARC 1 TYPE F 1 TITL Marriage Contract 1 ABBR Marr Contract 1 SENT signed a marriage contract . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF MARL 1 TYPE F 1 TITL Marriage License 1 ABBR Marr Lic 1 SENT obtained a marriage license . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF MARS 1 TYPE F 1 TITL Marriage Settlement 1 ABBR Marr Settlement 1 SENT obtained a marriage settlement . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF SLGS 1 TYPE F 1 TITL LDS Seal to spouse 1 ABBR LDS SealSp 1 SENT were sealed together . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF RESI 1 TYPE F 1 TITL Residence (family) 1 ABBR Residence (fam) 1 SENT lived . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF CENS 1 TYPE F 1 TITL Census (family) 1 ABBR Census (fam) 1 SENT appeared in the census . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF Degree 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Degree 1 ABBR Degree 1 SENT received a degree . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF Military 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Military 1 ABBR Military 1 SENT served in the military . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF Mission 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Mission 1 ABBR Mission 1 SENT served a mission . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF Stillborn 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Stillborn 1 ABBR Stillborn 1 SENT was stillborn . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF Illness 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Illness 1 ABBR Illness 1 SENT was ill with . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF Living 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Living 1 ABBR Living 1 SENT was living . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF Elected 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Election 1 ABBR Elected 1 SENT was elected as . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF Excomm 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Excommunication 1 ABBR Excomm 1 SENT was excommunicated . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF Namesake 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Namesake 1 ABBR Namesake 1 SENT was named after . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF Separation 1 TYPE F 1 TITL Separation 1 ABBR Separation 1 SENT were separated . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF Alt. Name 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Alternate name 1 ABBR Alt. Name 1 SENT was also known as . 1 PLAC N 1 DATE Y 1 DESC N 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF Misc 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Miscellaneous 1 ABBR Misc 1 SENT . 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF Funeral 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Funeral 1 ABBR Funeral 1 SENT [NEED TO DEFINE SENTENCE: Funeral] 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF Discharged 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Discharged 1 ABBR Discharged 1 SENT [NEED TO DEFINE SENTENCE: Discharged] 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF Enlisted 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Enlisted 1 ABBR Enlisted 1 SENT [NEED TO DEFINE SENTENCE: Enlisted] 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF Ship 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Ship 1 ABBR Ship 1 SENT [NEED TO DEFINE SENTENCE: Ship] 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF DAR 1 TYPE P 1 TITL DAR 1 ABBR DAR 1 SENT [NEED TO DEFINE SENTENCE: DAR] 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF Birth Time 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Birth Time 1 ABBR Birth Time 1 SENT [NEED TO DEFINE SENTENCE: Birth Time] 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF Birth Size 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Birth Size 1 ABBR Birth Size 1 SENT [NEED TO DEFINE SENTENCE: Birth Size] 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 _EVDEF Birth Hospital 1 TYPE P 1 TITL Birth Hospital 1 ABBR Birth Hospital 1 SENT [NEED TO DEFINE SENTENCE: Birth Hospital] 1 PLAC Y 1 DATE Y 1 DESC Y 1 PPFX 0 0 TRLR